A Brief History of Human Powered Transportation

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The rider of the Ordinary was always in danger of encountering a road obstruction and discovering the ease with which a 'header' could occur.

The Star, shown descending the Capitol steps in 1884, provided one solution to this problem. By placing the rider in front of the large wheel and relocating the small wheel the stability of the bike was improved. This bike also has a lever operated rear wheel drive which requires the rider to make a step-like motion of the legs to propel the bike. Mounting still appears to be a problem, even if the probability of an unintentional dismount has been reduced!

From: David V. Herlihy, "The Bicycle Story," Invention and Technology, Spring 1992