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Infrastructure

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A 'typical' state highway has a 28' pavement and shoulders approximately 8' wide followed by some drainage depression. The two 12' lanes are not wide enough to accommodates bike and vehicle traffic at the same time, and it is expensive to move the drainage ditch. A solution is to pave the shoulders to accommodate bike lanes at least 4' wide, or 8' wide if traffic speeds greater than 40 mph are anticipated.

The diagram shows two four foot bike lanes achieved by paving an existing shoulder. There is space to add an additional 2' of paved surface with only minor modifications to the drainage ditch.

From: Pinsof and Musser, "Bicycle Facility Planning," American Planning Association (1995)