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Composite Materials
· When a composite is tested with the fibers at different angles to the tensile axis the elastic modulus will lie between the parallel and orthogonal values.
· The orientation dependence of the Young's modulus  for a glass-fiber polyester resin composite with Vf = 0.30 is shown (red curve). For the system, Em = 3.5 GPa, Ef = 76 GPa, and Vm = 0.7.
· The second curve (black) represents a composite with short, randomly oriented fibers. This material is isotropic in its elastic modulus.
From: Hull, 
"Introduction to Composite Materials," 
Cambridge (1992)