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When
used outside a set of safe conditions,
materials
can fail and end the useful life of a
component
or system. Normally, this is a situation that must be avoided in engineering
systems. However, in some cases, failure is a design feature. The canning
industry relies on material fracture to permit easy access to the canned
product, and the protection of high pressure containers with "burst discs"
averts the more dangerous failure of a pressure vessel explosion.
In
this section, the mechanisms of ductile and
brittle
fracture, fatigue fracture, and creep will be explored. |
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